NON-TECHNICAL LOSS BREAKDOWN

What are the different types of non-technica loss?

The Non-Technical Loss is the component of Distribution System Losses that is not related to the physical characteristics and functions of the electrical System, and is caused primarily by human error, whether intentional or not. Non-Technical Loss includes the electric Energy lost due to

pilferage
tampering of meters
and erroneous meter reading and/or billing.

Non-Technical Loss

The Non-technical loss most of the time is the residual loss after subtracting the Administrative Loss and Technical Loss from the Total Distribution System Losses.

In equation form, the Non-technical Loss are computed as follows:

Non-Technical Loss
= Total Distribution System Losses
- Administrative Loss
- Technical Loss

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PARTS OF A POWER TRANSFORMER

What are the name of the basic parts of a Power Transformer? We can not deny the fact that only a handful of electrical engineering students are presently familiar with power transformers especially on what it looks like. Unlike a transformer we found in our homes, a power transformer’s appearance and construction is somewhat more complicated. It is not just a simple winding with a primary and secondary terminal although basically any transformer has one. The function that a power transformer plays in an electrical system is very important that an electric utility can not afford to loss it during its operation. Our discussion here will focus more on the basic parts and functions of a power transformer that are usually tangible whenever you go to a substation . Although not all power transformers are identical, nonetheless they all have the following listed parts in which the way of construction may differ.

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ELECTRIC MOTOR NAMEPLATE SPECIFICATIONS

How do we interpret an electric motor nameplate? Motor standards are established on a country by country basis.Fortunately though, the standards can be grouped into two major categories: NEMA and IEC (and its derivatives). In North America, the National Electric Manufacturers Association (NEMA) sets motor standards, including what should go on the nameplate (NEMA Standard MG 1-10.40 "Nameplate Marking for Medium Single-Phase and Polyphase Induction Motors").

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DISADVANTAGES OF Y-Y CONNECTION IN THREE PHASE SYSTEM

What are the disadvantages in using y-y connection? The Y-Y transformer connection was poorly understood in the early days of power engineering and it received a very bad reputation when it was first used; in fact, this connection was avoided for a long time until its limitations were overcome by good engineering practice. Some of the inherent disadvantages of the Y-Y connection are discussed below:

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power systems loss

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