TRANSFORMER HANDBOOK

TRANSFORMER HANDBOOK: ABB

This Transformer Handbook prepared by ABB contains a wide range of power and distribution transformers that aims to serve as a guide in understanding, selection, ordering, operation and maintenance of this transformers. The construction of this devices follows standards to the likings of the customers including but not limited to IEC, CENELEC, and ANSI/IEEE. This Handbook although focuses on ABB products, does not significantly differs to the common practice in specifying transformers and ABB based this handbook on their knowledge and experience.

Listed below are the main topics that were discussed in this handbook: Every point found in the list are carefully considered. Also, a portion of this handbook tackles all the available standards that are relevant to transformer information.

Transformer Types and their Application
Quality, Internal Control, Sustainability
Loss Capitalization and Optimum Transformer Design
Information Required with Enquiry and Order
Transformer Design

Cores
Windings
Tank
Earthquake Withstand Ability

Transformer Components

Terminals
Bushings
Cable connections
SF6 connections
Coolers
Radiators
Corrugated Tanks
Fans
Forced oil, Forced air heat exchangers
Oil-water coolers
Oil pumps
Voltage Regulation Equipment
Off circuit tap changers
On Load Tap Changers
Automatic Voltage Regulation
Accessories
Types of Accessories
Power Transformer and Oil-Immersed Reactors Accessories
Distribution Transformer Accessories

Installation and Commissioning
Operation, Monitoring and Maintenance
Disposal After Use
Physical Fundamentals
Three-Phase Transformer Connections
Transformer Materials
Testing of Transformers
Overvoltages and Overvoltage Limitation
Miscellaneous
Bibliography

Transformer Relevant Standards
IEC Standards
CENELEC Standards
IEEE Standards
Comparison Between ANSI/IEEE standards and IEC standards
Other Relevant Standards and Literature

This handbook touches every necessary informations there is to know when referring to transformers.

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PARTS OF A POWER TRANSFORMER

What are the name of the basic parts of a Power Transformer? We can not deny the fact that only a handful of electrical engineering students are presently familiar with power transformers especially on what it looks like. Unlike a transformer we found in our homes, a power transformer’s appearance and construction is somewhat more complicated. It is not just a simple winding with a primary and secondary terminal although basically any transformer has one. The function that a power transformer plays in an electrical system is very important that an electric utility can not afford to loss it during its operation. Our discussion here will focus more on the basic parts and functions of a power transformer that are usually tangible whenever you go to a substation . Although not all power transformers are identical, nonetheless they all have the following listed parts in which the way of construction may differ.

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ELECTRIC MOTOR FRAME SIZE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

ELECTRIC MOTOR FRAME SIZE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS How is electric motor frame size being specified? Motor frame dimensions have been standardized with a uniform frame size numbering system. This system was developed by NEMA and specific frame sizes have been assigned to standard motor ratings based on enclosure, horsepower and speed. The current standardized frames for integral horsepower induction motors ranges from 143T to 445T. These standards cover most motors in the range of one through two hundred horsepower. Typical example of where you can locate the frame is shown in Fig 1.2.D – Frame No. The numbers used to designate frame sizes have specific meanings based on the physical size of the motor. Some digits are related to the motor shaft height and the remaining digit or digits relate to the length of the motor. The rerate, or frame size reduction programs were brought about by advancements in motor technology relating mainly to higher temperature ratings of insulating mate

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ELECTRIC MOTOR NAMEPLATE SPECIFICATIONS

How do we interpret an electric motor nameplate? Motor standards are established on a country by country basis.Fortunately though, the standards can be grouped into two major categories: NEMA and IEC (and its derivatives). In North America, the National Electric Manufacturers Association (NEMA) sets motor standards, including what should go on the nameplate (NEMA Standard MG 1-10.40 "Nameplate Marking for Medium Single-Phase and Polyphase Induction Motors").

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