power systems loss

PROBLEM:  A 3-kilometer, 336ACSR, 3-wire short transmission line has an impedance of 2 + j5 ohms per wire. At the receiving end, a balanced 3-phase load and capacitor bank draws 3000kVA, 0.71 power factor lagging and 600kVAR respectively at 8000 volts per phase to neutral. Determine the power loss of the transmission line. SOLUTION: The first thing that we should do in analyzing any problem is to illustrate our interpretation of the problem into a figure which will make us better understand what is needed.

This guide publication is a reference containing fundamental engineering guidelines and basic recommendations on structural and electrical aspects of transmission line design, as well as explanations and illustrations. The many cross-references and examples should be of great benefit to engineers performing design work for RUS borrower transmission lines. The guide should be particularly helpful to relatively inexperienced engineers beginning their careers in transmission line design.

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Losses in the transmission lines most especially in the overhead bare type of conductors does not only depends on the load it carries or the resistance it possesses. Although these are the major factors to consider, we can not deny the fact that the temperature also contributes a lot. Resistance of any metallic object tends to increase as temperature rises. As a result, we can say that line losses in transmission lines are directly proportional to the temperature.

Corona Loss Power lost due to corona process. On overhead power lines, this loss is expressed in watts per meter (W/m) or kilowatts per kilometer (kW/km). Corona A luminous discharge due to ionization of the air surrounding an electrode caused by a voltage gradient exceeding a certain critical value. Corona, Overhead Power Lines Corona occurring at the surfaces of power-line conductors and their fittings under the positive or negative polarity of the power-line voltage.

The objective of this IEEE standard entitled Standard Definition of Terms Relating to Corona and Field Effects of Overhead Power Lines is to obtain uniformity in the use of terms relating to the areas of corona and the electromagnetic environment of power lines. Its scope is to define the most widely used terms specific to or associated with overhead power-line corona and fields. Here, we are focus more on terms that are relevant to Power System's Loss topic like corona and electric fields that can influence the level of losses in a transmission line. For a complete access on the said standard, you can refer to the link below for the pdf copy.